Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is a procedure used to diagnose certain problems of the uterus and fallopian tubes. HSG most often is used to see if a woman's tubes are partly or fully blocked. Blocked tubes are a common cause of infertility. HSG also is used to help find the cause of repeated pregnancy loss.

Why Is HSG Done?

With HSG, the doctor can check for blockage or growths inside the uterus and tubes. This may help your doctor find the cause of infertility or repeated pregnancy loss (also called repeated miscarriage).

Blockage of one or both fallopian tubes causes about 35% of cases of infertility in women. Partial or complete blockage of a tube can prevent a fertilized egg from moving into the uterus. Tubal blockage may result from scarring from a past infection, endometriosis, or surgery.

HSG also is done to detect growths or scarring inside the uterus or problems in its size or shape. This can be the cause of repeated pregnancy loss.

What to Expect

HSG will be done in a special X-ray area in the hospital, clinic, or doctor's office. It is best to have HSG during the first half (days 1-14) of a woman's menstrual cycle. This timing reduces the chance that a woman may be pregnant during the procedure.

HSG is not done in a woman who:

• Is pregnant
• Has a pelvic infection
• Has an allergy to the dye used in the procedure
• Is having heavy uterine bleeding

To reduce pain during the procedure, you may want to take pain medication in advance. Discuss this with your doctor. In some cases, he or she also may prescribe an antibiotic for you to take before HSG.

You should not drive right after an HSG. Arrange to have someone take you home.

Learn more about hysterosalpingography.